If you have a page called MypPage you could get the content of certain fields if you add this code to your Page.ss.

<% control Page(MyPage) %>
$ContentSomethingFromMyPage
<% end_control %>

A static HTML page: turn it into an statichtml.ss store it in .themes/yourtheme/includes folder and use <% include statichtml %> in your page.ss

Have a look at:
- http://doc.silverstripe.org/doku.php?id=built-in-page-controls
- http://doc.silverstripe.org/doku.php?id=templates
- http://doc.silverstripe.org/doku.php

For getting content from a series of pages, start with:
- http://doc.silverstripe.org/doku.php?id=recipes:displaying_five_latest_pages_from_multiple_pagetypes
- http://doc.silverstripe.org/doku.php?id=recipes:gallery (you could adapt this for other uses as well)

I suspect that for the blog there are some other ways to do that as well, for example with a widget (look in the widget-section)

Now If you want to add next and previous buttons and pagination then you have to add more code and a different query to get that going, but I think you will have to experiment with this first.